以下是小昭为大家整理的历年英语考题（考生回忆版）及答案解析，希望对即将参加考研的同学们有所帮助。

2001年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

Part I Cloze Test

Directions：

For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases   1   the trial of Rosemary West.

In a significant    2   of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a   3   bill that will propose making payments to witnesses    4  and will strictly control the amount of    5   that can be given to a case    6    a trial begins.

In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he   7  with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not  8  sufficient control.

  9   of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a   10   of media protest when he said the   11   of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges   12  to Parliament.

The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which   13   the European Convention on Human Rights legally   14  in Britain, laid down that everybody was   15   to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.

“Press freedoms will be in safe hands   16   our British judges,” he said.

Witness payments became an    17    after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were   18   to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised   19   witnesses might be encouraged exaggerate their stories in court to   20   guilty verdicts.

1.［A］as to  ［B］for instance  ［C］in particular    ［D］such as

2.［A］tightening     ［B］intensifying  ［C］focusing      ［D］fastening  

3.［A］sketch         ［B］rough     ［C］preliminary  ［D］draft

4.［A］illogical      ［B］illegal      ［C］improbable    ［D］improper

5.［A］publicity      ［B］penalty    ［C］popularity     ［D］peculiarity

6.［A］since          ［B］if         ［C］before        ［D］as

7.［A］sided          ［B］shared     ［C］complied      ［D］agreed　

8.［A］present        ［B］offer        ［C］manifest      ［D］indicate

9.［A］Release        ［B］Publication   ［C］Printing       ［D］Exposure　　

10.［A］storm      ［B］rage　      ［C］flare         ［D］flash

11.［A］translation    ［B］interpretation ［C］exhibition    ［D］demonstration

12.［A］better than   ［B］other than    ［C］rather than     ［D］sooner than

13.［A］changes       ［B］makes     ［C］sets          ［D］turns　

14.［A］binding       ［B］convincing   ［C］restraining    ［D］sustaining

15.［A］authorized    ［B］credited     ［C］entitled     ［D］qualified　

16.［A］with          ［B］to           ［C］from        ［D］by

17.［A］impact        ［B］incident      ［C］inference      ［D］issue　

18.［A］stated        ［B］remarked   ［C］said          ［D］told

19.［A］what         ［B］when      ［C］which        ［D］that

20.［A］assure        ［B］confide      ［C］ensure       ［D］guarantee

Part II Reading Comprehension

Directions:

Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each questions there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)

Passage 1

Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units，one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.

No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.

A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.

Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.

21. The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _______.

[AJ sociology and chemistry                [B] physics and psychology

[C] sociology and psychology               [D] physics and chemistry

22. We can infer from the passage that _______.

[A] there is little distinction between specialisation and professionalisation

[B] amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science

[C] professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community

[D] amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones

23. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate ______.

[A] the process of specialisation and professionalisation

[B] the hardship of amateurs in scientific study

[C] the change of policies in scientific publications

[D] the discrimination of professionals against amateurs

24. The direct reason for specialisation is _______.

[A] the development in communication    [B] the growth of professionalisation

[C] the expansion of scientific knowledge   [D] the splitting up of academic societies

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2001年考研英语考题（考生回忆版）答案及解析.pdf

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